In a pioneering clinical trial, researchers are delving into the potential of ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Unlike traditional MDD treatments, which can take weeks or months to show results, ketamine, a well-known NMDA receptor antagonist used in anesthesia, is being tested for its ability to provide swift relief from severe mood disorders. The study contrasts the effects of ketamine with those of midazolam, a similar anesthetic without antidepressant properties, acting as an active control. Spanning up to eight weeks, this trial includes two overnight stays in a specialized research facility, marking a significant step in the quest for faster and more effective MDD treatments.